A dog that pulls makes every walk strenuous – and also strains its neck on the collar. The good news: loose-leash walking is not a talent, but training. With clear rules and without jerking, almost every dog can learn it.
Key takeaways
- Pulling is rewarded if the dog still moves forward – so: stop when the leash is taut.
- Short, frequent sessions are more effective than long ones.
- Reward instead of punishment: scientifically the better choice.
Why dogs pull
Dogs are faster than us, and the outside world is exciting. If the dog pulls and we go with it, it learns: pulling works. This is exactly where training begins.
What research shows: Reward beats punishment
A comprehensive literature review by Ziv (2017) evaluated 17 studies. Conclusion: Aversive methods (jerking, choke or prong collars) are not more effective, but increase stress, fear and aggression and strain the bond. Recommendation: train with positive reinforcement.
Step-by-step to a loose leash
- Start calmly: begin in a low-distraction environment, e.g. in the garden.
- Stop when pulling: if the leash tightens, stop. Only move on when it's loose.
- Reward direction: if the dog comes back or looks at you, praise and reward.
- Increase pace & stimuli: gradually move to busier places.
- Stay consistent: a few minutes daily – consistency is key.
Common mistakes
- Sometimes allowing pulling, sometimes not – this confuses the dog.
- Jerking the leash instead of calmly standing still.
- Moving to highly distracting environments too early.
The right equipment
Chest-friendly Y-harnesses with a good fit and matching leashes – ideal for fair loose-leash training.
View harnesses & leashesView set – €129Frequently asked questions
How long does it take until my dog stops pulling?
Very individual. With daily, consistent practice, significant progress is often seen after a few weeks.
Does a harness help against pulling?
It doesn't solve pulling alone, but it makes it neck-friendly. A front ring can also gently redirect pulling dogs.
Are choke or prong collars a solution?
No. Studies show more stress and fear without better success. Positive reinforcement is more effective and fairer.
Sources
- Ziv G. (2017): The effects of using aversive training methods in dogs – A review. Journal of Veterinary Behavior. Link
For strong pulling or frustration, a good, force-free dog school can significantly speed up training.