Many things that are harmless to us can be poisonous to dogs – some even in small amounts. This overview will help you avoid dangers and react correctly in an emergency.
Key takeaways
- Particularly dangerous: chocolate, grapes/raisins, onions, xylitol.
- The amount and dog's size matter – when in doubt, always call a vet.
- Store toxic substances out of reach – prevention is the best protection.
Veterinary background: why it's dangerous
According to the Merck Veterinary Manual, theobromine from chocolate affects the heart and nerves – dark chocolate contains the most. Xylitol (birch sugar) causes a dangerous drop in blood sugar in dogs and can damage the liver. Grapes and raisins can cause kidney failure in some dogs – even small amounts. Because sensitivity is individual, the rule is: don't take any risks.
Toxic foods
| Food | Why it's dangerous |
|---|---|
| Chocolate/cocoa | Theobromine – heart, nerves |
| Grapes & raisins | can cause kidney failure |
| Onions & garlic | damage red blood cells |
| Xylitol (birch sugar) | blood sugar drop, liver |
| Alcohol & caffeine | highly toxic to the nervous system |
| Macadamia, raw dough | poisoning, fermentation in the stomach |
Toxic plants (selection)
Some indoor and garden plants are also problematic, e.g., ivy, oleander, yew, autumn crocus, and bulbous plants such as tulips. Keep fresh plantings and flower bulbs out of reach.
Frequently asked questions
How much chocolate is dangerous?
That depends on the cocoa content and the dog's size. Dark chocolate is particularly risky. When in doubt, always contact the vet.
My dog ate something poisonous – what should I do?
Stay calm, secure any remains, seek veterinary advice immediately, and state the amount/time. Do not induce vomiting on your own.
Sources
- Merck Veterinary Manual: Food Hazards (Chocolate, Xylitol, Grapes). Link
This list is not exhaustive and does not replace veterinary advice. In an emergency, quick action is crucial.
